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|  发帖时间 - 2006/7/6 10:05:16
| Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (1993 Revision)
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS
Article 1. Application of UCP
The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 Revision, ICC Publication No. 500, shall apply to all documentary Credits (including to the extent to which they may be applicable, Standby Letter(s) of Credit) where they are incorporated into the text of the Credit. They are binding on all parties thereto, unless otherwise expressly stipulated in the Credit.
Article 2. Meaning of Credit
For the purposes of these Articles, the expressions "Documentary Credit (s)" and "Standby Letter(s) of Credit" (hereinafter referred to as "Credit (s) "), rmean any arrangement, however named or described, whereby a bank(the "Issuing Bank") acting at the request and on the instructions of a customer (the "Applicant") or on its own behalf,
i) is to make a payment to or to the order of a third party(the "Beneficiary"), or is to accept and pay bills of exchange(Draft(s)) drawn by the Beneficiary, or
ii) authorises another bank to effect such payment, or to accept and pay such bills of exchange(Draft(s)), or iii) authorises another bank to negotiate, against stipulated document(s), provided that the terms and conditions of the Credit are complied with. For the purposes of these Articles, branches of a bank in different countreis are considered another bank.
Article 3. Credits v. Contracts
a. Credits, by their nature, are separate transactions from the sales or other contract(s) on which they may be based and banks are in no way concerned with or bound by such contract(s), even if any reference whatsoever to such contract(s) is included in the Credit. Consequently, the undertaking of a bank to pay, accept and pay Draft(s) or negotiate and/or to fulfil any other obligation under the Credit, is not subject to claims or defences by the Applicant resulting from his relationships with the Issuing Bank or the Beneficiary.
b. A Beneficiary can in no case avail himself of the contractual relationships existing between the banks or between the Applicant and the Issuing Bank.
Article 4. Documents v. Goods/Services/Performances
In Credit operations all parties concerned deal with documents, and not with goods, services and/or other performances to which the documents may relate.
Article 5. Instructions to Issue/Amend Credits
a. Instructions for the issuance of a Credit, the Credit itself, instructions for an amendment thereto, and the amendment itself, must be complete and precise. In order to guard against confusion and misunderstanding, banks should discourage any attempt
i) to include excessive detail in the Credit or in any amendment thereto;
ii) to give instructions to issue, advise or confirm a Credit by reference to a Credit previously issued (similar Credit) where such previous Credit has been subject to accepted amendment(s), and/or unaccepted amendment(s),
b. All instructions for the issuance of a Credit and the Credit itself and, where applicable, all instructions for an amendment thereto and the amendment itself, must state precisely the document(s) against which payment, acceptance or negotiation is to be made.
B. FORM AND NOTIFICATIOIN OF CREDITS
Article 6. Revocable v. Irrevocable Credits
a. A Credit may be either
i) revocable, or
ii) irrevocable.
b. The Credit, therefore, should clearly indicate whether it is revocable or irrevocable.
c. In the absence of such indication the Credit shall be deemed to be irrevocable.
Article 7. Advising Banks Liability
a. A Credit may be advised to a Beneficiary through another bank(the "Advising Bank") without engagement on the part of the Advising Bank, but that bank, if it elects to advise the Credit, shall take reasonable care to check the apparent authenticity of the Credit which it advises. If the bank elects not to advise the Credit, it must so inform the Issuing Bank without delay.
b. If the Advising Bank cannot establish such apparent authenticity it must inform, without delay, the bank from which the instructions appear to have been received that it has been unable to establish the authenticity of the Credit and if it elects nonetheless to advise the Credit it must inform the Beneficiary that it has not been able to establish the authen, ticity of the Credit.
Article 8. Revocation of a Credit
a. A revocable Credit may be amended or cancelled by the Issuing Bank at any moment and without prior notice to the Beneficiary.
b. However, the Issuing Bank must:
i) reimburse another bank with which a revocable Credit has been made available for sight payment, acceptance or negotiation-for any payment, acceptance or negotiation made by such bank-prior to receipt by it of notice of amendment or cancellation, against documents which appear on their face to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit,
ii) reimburse another bank with which a revocable Credit has been made available for deferred payment, if such a bank has, prior to receipt by it of notice of amendment or cancellation, taken up documents which appear on their face to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit.
Article 9. Liability of Issuing and Confirming Banks
a. An irrevocable Credit constitutes a definite undertaking of the Issuing Bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the Nominated Bank or to the Issuing Bank and that the terms and conditions of the Credit are complied with:
i) if the Credit provides for sight payment-to pay at sight;
ii) if the Credit provides for deferred payment-to pay on the maturity date(s) determinable in accordance with the stipulations of the Credit;
iii) if the Credit provides for acceptance;
(a) by the Issuing Bank-to accept Draft(s) drawn by the Beneficiarq on the Issuing Bank and pay them at maturity, or
(b) by another drawee bank-to accept and pay at maturity Draft(s) drawn by the Beneficiary on the Issuing Bank in the event the drawee bank stipulated in the Credit does not accept Draft(s) drawn on it, or to pay Draft(s) accepted but not paid by such drawee bank at maturity;
iv) if the Credit provides for negotiation-to pay without recourse to drawers and/or bona fide holders, Draft(s) drawn by the Benefici ary and/or document(s) presented under the Credit. A Credit should not be issued available by Draft(s) on the Applicant. If the Credit nevertheless calls for Draft(s) on the Applicant, banks will consider such Draft(s) as an additional document(s).
b. A confirmation of an irrevocable Credit by another bank (the"Confirminn Bank") upon the authorisation or request of the Issuing Bank, constitutes a definite undertaking of the Confirming Bank, in addition to that of the Issuing Bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the Confirming Bank or to any other Nominated Bank and that the terms and conditions of the Credit are complied with:
i) if the Credit provides for sight payment-to pay at sight;
ii) if the Credit provides for deferred payment-to pay on the maturity date(s) determinable in accordance with the stipulations of the Credit;
iii) if the Credit provides for acceptance:
(a) by the Confirming Bank-to accept Draft(s) drawn by the Beneficiary on the Confirming Bank and pay them at maturity, or
(b) by another drawee bank-to accept and pay at maturity Draft(s) drawn by the Beneficiary on the Confirming Bank, in the event the drawee bank stipulated in the Credit does not accept Draft(s) drawn on it, or to pay Draft(s) accepted but not paid by such drawee bank at maturity;
iv) if the Credit provides for negotiation-to negotiate without recourse to drawers and/or bonafide holders, Draft(s) drawn by the Beneficiary and/or document(s) presented under the Credit. A Credit should not be issued available by Draft(s) on the Applicant. If the Credit nevertheless calls for Draft(s) on the Applicant, banks will consider such Draft(s) as an additional document(s).
c. i) If another bank is authorised or requested by the Issuing Bank to add its confirmation to a Credit but is not prepared to do so, it must so inform the Issuing Bank without delay.
ii) Unless the Issuing Bank specifies otherwise in its authorisation or request to add confirmation, the Advising Bank may advise the Credit to the Beneficiary without adding its confirmation.
d. i) Except as otherwise provided by Article 48, an Irrevocable Credit can neither be amended nor cancelled without the agreement of the Issuing Bank, the Confirming Bank, if any, and the Beneficiary.
ii) The Issuing Bank shall be irrevocably bound by an amendment(s) issued by it from the time of the issuance of such amendment(s). A Confirming Bank may extend its confirmation to an amendment and shall be irrevocably bound as of the time of its advice of the amendment. A Confirming Bank may, however, choose to advise an amendment to the Beneficiary without extending its confirmation and if so, must inform the Issuing Bank and the Beneficiary without delay.
iii) The terms of the original Credit(or a Credit incorporating previously accepted amendment(s)) will remain in force for the Beneficiary until the Beneficiary communicates his acceptance of the amendment to the bank that advised such amendment. The Beneficiary should give notification of acceptance or rejection of amendment (s). If the Beneficiary fails to give such notification, the tender of documents to the Nominated Bank or Issuing Bank, that conform to the Credit and to not yet accepted amendment(s), will be deemed to be notification of acceptance by the Beneficiary of such amendment(s) and as of that moment the Credit will be amended.
iv) Partial acceptance of amendments contained in one and the same advice of amendment is not allowed and consequently will not be given any effect.
Article 10. Types of Credit
a. All Credits must clearly indicate whether they are available by sight payment, by deferred payment, by acceptance or by negotiation.
b. i) Unless the Credit stipulates that it is available only with the Issuing Bank, all Credits must nominate the bank(the "Nominated Bank") which is authorised to pay, to incur a deferred payment undertaking, to accept Draft(s) or to negotiate. In a freely negotiabe Credit, any bank is a Nominated Bank Presentation of documents must be made to the Issuing Bank or the Confirming Bank, if any, or any other Nominated Bank. Negotiation means the giving of value for Draft(s) and/or document(s) by the bank authorised to negotiate. Mere examination of the documents without giving of value does not constitute a negotiation.
c. Unless the Nominated Bank is the Confirming Bank, nomination by the Issuing Bank does not constitute any undertaking by the Nominated Bank to pay, to incur a deferred payment undertaking, to accept Draft (s), or to negotiate. Except where expressly agreed to by the Nominated Bank and so communicated to the Beneficiary, the Nominated Banks receipt of and/or examination and/or forwarding of the documents does not make that bank liable to pay, to incur a deferred payment undertaking, to accept Draft(s), or to negotiate.
d. By nominating another bank, or by allowing for negotiation by any bank, or by authorising or requesting another bank to add its confirmation, the Issuing Bank authorises such bank to pay, accept Draft(s) or negotiate as the case may be, against documents which appear on their face to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit and undertakes to reimburse such bank in accordance with the provisions of these Articles.
Article 11. Teletransmitted and Pre-Advised Credits
a. i) When an Issuing Bank instructs an Advising Bank by an authenticated teletransmission to advise a Credit or an amendment to a Credit, the teletransmission will be deemed to be the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment, and no mail confirmation should be sent. Should a mail confirmation nevertheless be sent, it will have no effect and the Advising Bank will have no obligation to check such mail confirmation against the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment received by teletransmission.
ii) If the teletransmission states "full details to follow"(or words of similar effect) or states that the mail confirmation is to be the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment, then the teletransmission will not be deemed to be the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment. The Issuing Bank must forward the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment to such Advising Bank without delay.
b. If a bank uses the services of an Advising Bank to have the Credit advised to the Beneficiary, it must also use the services of the same bank for advising an amendment(s)
c. A preliminary advice of the issuance or amendment of an irrevocable Credit(pre-advice), shall only be given by an Issuing Bank if such bank is prepared to issue-the operative Credit instrument or the operative amendment thereto. Unless otherwise stated in such preliminary advice by the Issuing Bank, an Issuing Bank having given such pre-advice shall be irrevocably committed to issue or amend the Credit, in terms not inconsistent with the pre-advice, without delay.
Article 12. Incomplete or Unclear Instructions
If incomplete or unclear instructions are received to advise, confirm of amend a Credit, the bank requested to act on such instructions may give preliminary notification to the Beneficiary for information only and without responsibility. This preliminary notification should state clearly that the notification is provided for information only and without the responsibility oif the Advising Bank. In any event, the Advising Bank must inform the Issuing Bank of the action taken and request it to provide the necessary informatioin.
The Issuing Bank must provide the necessary information without delay. The Credit will be advised, confirmed or amended, only when complete and clear instructions have been received and if the Advising Bank is then prepared to act on the instructions.
C. LIABILITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Article 13. Standard for Examination of Documents
a. Banks must examine all documents stipulated in the Credit with reasonable care, to ascertain whether or not they appear, on their face, to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit. Compliance of the stipulated documents on their face with the terms and conditions of the Credit, shall be determined by international standard banking practice as reflected in these Articles. Documents which appear on their face to be inconsistent with one another will be considered as not appearing on their face to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit.
Documents not stipulated in the Credit will not be examined by banks. If they receive such documents, they shall return them to the presenter or pass them on without responsibility.
b. The Issuing Bank, the Confirming Bank, if any, or a Nominated Bank acting on their behalf, shall each have a reasonable time, not to exceed seven banking days following the day of receipt of the documents, to examine the documents and determine whether to take up or refuse the documents and to inform the party from which it received the documents accordingly.
c. If a Credit contains conditions without stating the document(s) to be presented in compliance therewith, banks will deem such conditions as not stated and will disregard them.
Article 14. Discrepant Documents and Notice
a. When the Issuing Bank authorises another bank to pay, incur a deferred payment undertaking, accept Draft(s), or negotiate against documents which appear on their face to be in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit, the Issuing Bank and the Confirming Bank, if any, are bound:
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| 发帖时间 - 2006/7/6 10:05:57
| 《跟单信用证统一惯例》UCP500（中文版）
（1993年修订版）
Ａ、总则与定义
***条 统一惯例的适用范围
《跟单信用证统一惯例，１９９３年修订本》即，国际商会第５００号出版物，适用于所有在信用证文本中标明按本惯例办理的跟单信用证（包 括本惯例适用范围内的备用信用证），除非信用证中另有明确规定，本惯例对一切有关当事人均具有约束力。
第二条 信用证的意义就本惯例而言，“跟单信用证”和“备用信用证”（以下统称“信用证”）意指一项约定，不论如何命名或描述，系指一家 银行（“开证行”）应客户（“申请人”）的要求和指示或以其自身的名义，在与信用证条款相符的条件下，凭规定的单据：
Ⅰ．向第三者（“受益人”）或其***人付款，或承兑并支付受益人出具的汇票，或
Ⅱ．授权另一家银行付款，或承兑并支付该汇票，或
Ⅲ．授权另一家银行议付。
就本惯例而言，一家银行在不同***设立的分支机构均视为另一家银行。
第三条 信用证与合同
a．就性质而言，信用证与可能作为其依据的销售合同或其它合同，是相互***的两种交易。即使信用证中提及该合同，银行亦与该合同完全无 关，且不受其约束。因此，一家银行作出付款、承兑并支付汇票或议付及／或履行信用证项下其它义务的承诺，并不受申请人与开证行之间或与 受益人之间在已有关系下产生的索偿或抗辩的制约。
b．受益人在任何情况下，不得利用银行之间或申请人与开证行之间的契约关系。
第四条 单据与货物／服务／行为
在信用证业务中，各有关当事人处理的是单据，而不是单据所涉及的货物、服务／或其它行为。
第五条 开立或修改信用证的指示
a．开证指示、信用证本身、对信用证的修改指示或修改书本身均必须完整和明确。
为防止混淆和误解，银行应劝阻有关方：
Ⅰ．勿在信用证或其任何修改书中，加注过多细节
Ⅱ．在指示开立、通知或保兑一个信用证时，勿引用先前开立的信用证（参照前证），而该前证受到已被接受及／或未被接受的修改所约束。
b．有关开立信用证的一切指示和信用证本身，如有修改时，有关修改的一切指示和修改书本身都必须明确表明据以付款、承兑或议付的单据。
Ｂ、信用证的形式与通知
第六条 可撤销信用证与不可撤销信用证
a．信用证可以是：
Ⅰ．可撤销的，或
Ⅱ．不可撤销的。
b．因此信用证上应明确注明是可撤销的或是不可撤销的。
c．如无此项注明，应视为不可撤销的。
第七条 通知行的责任
a．信用证可经另一家银行（“通知行”）通知受益人，但通知行无须承担付款承诺之责任。如通知行决定通知，就应合理审慎地核验所通知的信 用证的表面真实性。如通知行决定不通知，就必须不延误地告知开证行。
b．如通知行不能确定信用证的表面真实性，就必须不延误地告知发出该指示的银行，说明本行不能确定该信用证的真实性。如通知行仍决定通 知，则必须告知受益人本行不能核对信用证的真实性。
第八条 信用证的撤销
a．可撤销的信用证可以由开证行随时修改或撤销，不必事先通知受益人。
b．然而，开证行必须做到：
Ⅰ．对办理可撤销信用证项下即期付款、承兑或议付的另一家银行，在其收到修改或撤销通知之前已凭表面与信用证条款相符的单据作出的任何 付款、承兑或议付者，予以偿付；
Ⅱ．对办理可撤销信用证项下延期付款的另一家银行，在其收到修改或撤销通知之前已接受表面与信用证条款相符的单据者，予以偿付。
第九条 开证行与保兑行的责任
a．对不可撤销的信用证而言，在信用证规定的单据全部提交***银行或开证行，并且这些单据又符合信用证条款的规定时，便构成开证行的确定承诺：
Ⅰ．对即期付款的信用证－－开证行应即期付款；
Ⅱ．对延期付款的信用证－－开证行应按信用证规定所确定的到期日付款；
Ⅲ．对承兑信用证，分两种情况：
（a）凡汇票由开证行承兑者－－开证行应承兑受益人出具的以开证行为付款人的汇票，并于到期日支付票款；或
（b）凡汇票由另一受票银行承兑者－－如信用证上规定的受票银行对以其为付款人的汇票不予承兑时，应由开证行承兑并在到期日支付受益人出具的以开证行为付款人的汇票；或者，如受票银行对汇票已承兑，但到期不付时，则开证行应予支付；
Ⅳ．对议付信用证－－开证行应根据受益人依照信用证出具的汇票及／或提交的单据向出票人及／或善意持票人履行付款，不得追索。开立信用 证时不应以信用证申请人作为汇票付款人。如信用证仍规定汇票付款人为申请人，银行将视此汇票为附加的单据。
b．根据开证行的授权或要求另一家银行（“保兑行”）对不可撤销信用证加具保兑，当信用证规定的单据提交到保兑行或任何另一家***银行 时，在单据符合信用证规定的情况下，则构成保兑行在开证行的承诺之外的确定承诺，即：
Ⅰ．对即期付款的信用证－－保兑行应即期付款；
Ⅱ．对延期付款的信用证－－保兑行应按信用证规定所确定的到期日付款；
Ⅲ．对承兑信用证，分两种情况：
（a）凡汇票由保兑行承兑者－－保兑行应承兑受益人出具的以保兑行为付款人的汇票，并于到期日支付票款，或
（b）凡汇票由另一受票银行承兑者－－如信用证规定的受票银行对于以其为付款人的汇票不予承兑，则应由保兑行承兑并在到期日支付受益人出具的以保兑行为付款人的汇票，或者，如受票银行对汇票已承兑但到期不付者，则保兑行应予支付。
Ⅳ．对议付信用证－－保兑行应根据受益人依照信用证出具的汇票及／或提交的单据，对出票人及／或善意持票人予以议付，不得追索。开立信 用证时不应以信用证申请人作为汇票付款人。如信用证仍规定汇票付款人为申请人，银行将视此汇票为附加的单据。
c．
Ⅰ．如开证行授权或要求另一家银行对信用证加具保兑，而该银行不准备照办时，就必须不延误地告知开证行。
Ⅱ．除非开证行在其授权或要求加具保兑的指示中另有专门规定，否则通知行可以不加保兑就把未经保兑的信用证通知给受益人。
d．
Ⅰ．除本惯例第４８条另有规定外，凡未经开证行、保兑行（如有）以及受益人同意，不可撤销信用证既不能修改也不能撤销。
Ⅱ．自发出信用证修改书之时起，开证行就不可撤销地受本行发出的修改的约束。保兑行可将其保兑承诺扩展至修改内容，且自其通知该修改之 时起，即不可撤销地受修改的约束。然而，保兑行可选择仅将修改通知受益人而不对其加具保兑，但必须不延误地将此情况通知开证行和受益 人。
Ⅲ．在受益人向通知修改的银行表示接受该修改内容之前，原信用证（或先前已接受修改的信用证）的条款对受益人仍然有效。受益人应发出接 受修改或拒绝接受修改的通知。如受益人未提供上述通知，当他提交给***银行或开证行的单据与信用证以及尚未表示接受的修改的要求一致 时，则该事实即视为受益人已作出接受修改的通知，并从此时起，该信用证已作了修改。
Ⅳ．对同一修改通知中的修改内容不允许部分接受，因而，部分接受修改内容当属无效。
第十条 信用证的种类
a．一切信用证均须明确表示它适用于即期付款、延期付款、承兑抑或议付。
b．
Ⅰ．除非信用证规定只能由开证行办理这项业务，否则一切信用证均须***某家银行（称：“***银行”）并授权其付款、承担延期付款责任、 承兑汇票或议付。对自由议付的信用证，任何银行均可为***银行。
单据必须提交给开证行或保兑行（如有）或其它任何***银行。
Ⅱ．议付意指被授权议付的银行对汇票及／或单据付出对价。仅审核单据而未付对价者，不构成议付。
c．除非***银行是保兑行，否则，开证行的***并不能使被***银行负有付款、承诺延期付款、承兑汇票或议付的责任。除非***银行已明确同 意并告知受益人，否则，它收受及／或审核及／或转交单据的行为，并不意味着它对付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付负有责任。
d．如开证行***另一家银行、或允许任何银行议付、或授权、或要求另一家银行加具保兑，开证行即据此分别授权上述银行凭表面与信用证条款 相符的单据办理付款、承兑汇票或者议付，并***依照本惯例对上述银行予以偿付。
第十一条 电讯传递的信用证与预先通知的信用证
a．
Ⅰ．当开证行使用密码证实的电讯方式指示通知行通知信用证或修改信用证时，该电讯即视为有效的信用证文件或有效的修改书，不应再寄送电 报证实书。如仍寄送证实书，则该证实书当属无效，通知行也没有义务将证实书与所收到的以电讯方式传递的有效信用证文件或有效的修改书进 行核对。
Ⅱ．若该电讯说明“详情后告”（或类似词语）或声明嗣后寄出的证实书将是有效的信用证文件或有效的修改，则该电讯系无效的信用证文件或修改书。开证行必须不延误地向通知行寄送有效的信用证文件或有效的修改书。
b．如一家银行利用另一家通知行的服务将信用证通知给受益人，它也必须利用同一家银行的服务通知修改书。
c．只有准备开立有效信用证或修改书的开证行，才可以对不可撤销信用证开立或修改书发出预先通知书。除非开证行在其预先通知书中另有规定，否则，发出预先通知的开证行应不可撤销地***不延误地开出或修改信用证，且条款不能与预先通知书相矛盾。
第十二条 不完整或不清楚的指示 如所收到的有关通知、保兑或修改信用证的指示不完整或不清楚，则被要求执行该指示的银行可以给受益人一份预先通知，仅供其参考，但该行不负任何责任。该预先通知书应清楚地声明本通知书仅供参考，且通知行不承担责任。但通知行必须将所采取的行动告知开证行，并要求开证行 提供必要的内容。
开证行必须不延误地提供必要的内容。只有通知行收到完整明确的指示，并准备执行时，方得通知、保兑或修改信用证。
Ｃ、责任与义务
第十三条 审核单据的标准
a．银行必须合理小心地审核信用证上规定的一切单据，以便确定这些单据是否表面与信用证条款相符合。本惯例所体现的国际标准银行实务是确 定信用证所规定的单据表面与信用证条款相符的依据。单据之间表面不一致，即视为表面与信用证条款不符。
信用证上没有规定的单据，银行不予审核。如果银行收到此类单据，应退还交单人或将其照转，但对此不承担责任。
b．开证行、保兑行（如有），或代其行事的***银行，应有各自的合理的审单时间－－不得超过从其收到单据的翌日起算七个银行工作日，以便 决定是接受或拒绝接受单据，并相应地通知寄单方。
c．如信用证含有某些条件而未列明需提交与之相符的单据者，银行将认为未列明此条件，对此不予理会。
第十四条 有不符点的单据与通知事宜
a．当开证行授权另一家银行依据表面符合信用证条款的单据付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付时，开证行和保兑行（如有），应承担下列责任：
Ⅰ．对已付款、已承担延期付款责任、已承兑汇票或已作议付的***银行予以偿付。
Ⅱ．接受单据。
b．开证行及／或保兑行（如有），或代其行事的***银行，收到单据后，必须仅以单据为依据，确定这些单据是否表面与信用证条款相符。如与信用证条款不符，上述银行可以拒绝接单。
c．如开证行已确定单据表面与信用证条款不符，它可以自行确定联系申请人，请其对不符点予以接受，但是，这样做不能借此延长第１３条（b）款规定的期限。
d．
Ⅰ．如开证行及／或保兑行（如有），或代其行事的***银行，决定拒绝接单据，它必须不延误地以电讯方式通知有关方；如不可能用电讯方式 通知时则以其它快捷方式通知此事，但不得迟于收到单据的翌日起算第七个银行工作日。该通知应发给寄单银行，或者，如直接从受益人处收到 单据者，则应通知受益人。
Ⅱ．该通知必须说明银行凭以拒绝接受单据的全部不符点，并说明单据已由本行代为保管听候处理，或将退还给交单人。
Ⅲ．然后，开证行及／或保兑行（如有），便有权向交单行索回已经给予该银行的任何偿付款项及利息。
e．如开证行及／或保兑行（如有），未能按照本条的规定办理及/或未能代为保管单据听候处理，或将单据退交单人时，开证行及／或保兑行 （如有），就无权宣称单据与信用证条款不符。
f．如寄单行向开证行及／或保兑行（如有）指出单据中的不符点，或通知开证行或保兑行：关于该不符点，本行已经以保留追索方式或凭赔偿担 保付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付，则开证行及／或保兑行（如有），并不因此而解除其在本条文项下的任何义务。此项保留或赔偿 担保仅涉及寄单行与被保留追索的一方，或者与提供或代为提供赔偿担保一方之间的关系。
第十五条 对单据有效性的免责
银行对于任何单据的形式、完整性、准确性、真伪性或法律效力，或对于单据上规定的或附加的一般性及／或特殊性条件，概不负责；银行对于 任何单据中有关的货物描述、数量、重量、质量、状况、包装、交货、价值或存在与否，对于货物的发货人、承运人、运输行、收货人或保险人 或其它任何人的诚信、行为及／或疏忽、清偿能力、执行能力或信誉也概不负责。
第十六条 对文电传递的免责条款
银行对由于任何文电、信函或单据在传递中发生延误及／或遗失所造成的后果，或对于任何电讯在传递过程中发生的延误、残缺或其它差错，概 不负责。银行对专门性术语的翻译及／或解释上的差错，也不负责，银行保留将信用证条款原文照转而不翻译的权利。
第十七条 不可抗力
银行对于天灾、暴动、骚乱、叛乱、战争或银行本身无法控制的任何其它原因而营业中断，或对于任何罢工或停工而营业中断所引起的一切后 果，概不负责。除非经特别授权，银行在恢复营业后，对于在营业中断期间已逾期的信用证，将不再进行付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或 议付。
第十八条 对被指示方行为的免责条款
a．银行为执行申请人的指示，而利用另一家银行或另几家银行的服务，是代申请人办理的，费用由申请承付，风险由申请人承担。
b．即使是银行主动选择其它银行办理业务，它发出的指示未被执行，对此银行亦不负责。
c．
Ⅰ．一方指示另一方提供服务时，被指示方因执行指示而产生的一切费用，包括手续费、费用、成本费或其它开支，均由发出指示的一方承担。
Ⅱ．当信用证规定上述费用由指示方以外的一方负担，而这些费用又未能收回时，亦不能免除***终仍由指示方支付此类费用的责任。
d．申请人应受外国法律和惯例加诸银行的一切义务和责任的约束，并对银行承担赔偿之责。
第十九条 银行间的偿付约定
a．开证行如欲通过另一银行（偿付行）对付款行、承兑行或议付行（均称“索偿行”）履行偿付时，开证行应及时给偿付行发出对此类索偿予以 偿付的适当指示或授权。
b．开证行不应要求索偿行向偿付行提供证实单据与信用证条款相符的证明。
c．如索偿行未能从偿付行得到偿付，开证行就不据能解除自身的偿付责任。
d．如偿付行未能在首次索偿时即行偿付，或未能按信用证规定或双方另行约定的方式进行偿付时，开证行应对索偿行的利息损失负责。
e．偿付行的费用应由开证行承担。然而，如费用系由其它方承担，则开证行有责任在原信用证中和偿付授权书中予以注明。如偿付行的费用系由 其它方承担，则该费用应在支付信用证项下款项时向索偿行收取。如未支取，开证行仍有义务承担偿付行的费用。
Ｄ、单据
第二十条 对出单人而言的模糊用语
a．不应使用诸如“***流”、“著名”、“合格”、“***”、“正式”、“有资格”、“当地”及类似意义的用语来描述信用证项下应提交的 任何单据的出单人的身份。如信用证中含有此类词语，只要所提交的单据表面与信用证其它条款相符，且单据又非由受益人出具者，银行将予接受。
b．除非信用证另有规定，只要单据注明为正本，如必要时已加签字，银行也将接受用下列方法制作或看来是按该方法制作的单据作为正本单据：
Ⅰ．影印、自动或电脑处理；
Ⅱ．复写；单据上的签字可以手签，也可用签样印制、穿孔签字、盖章、符号表示或其它任何机械或电子证实的方法处理。
c．
Ⅰ．除非信用证另有相反规定，否则银行将接受标明副本字样或没有标明正本字样的单据作为副本单据，副本单据无须签字。
Ⅱ．如信用证要求提交多份单据，诸如“一式两份”、“两张”、“两份”等，此时可以提交一份正本，其余份数以副本来满足。但单据本身另 有相反的指示者除外。
d．除非信用证另有规定，当信用证含有要求证实单据、使单据生效、使单据合法、***单据、证明单据或对单据有类似要求的条件时，这些条件可由在单据上签字、标注、盖章或标签来满足，只要单据表面已满足上述条件即可。
第二十一条 对出单人或单据内容未作规定的情况。
当信用证要求提供除运输单据、保险单据和商业***以外的单据时，信用证中应规定该单据由何人出具，应有哪些措辞或内容。如信用证对此未做规定，只要所提交单据的内容与提交的其它单据不矛盾，银行将予接受。
第二十二条 出单日期与信用证日期
除非信用证另有相反规定，银行将接受出单日期早于信用证日期的单据，但这些单据必须在信用证和本惯例规定的期限内提交。
第二十三条 海洋运输提单
a．如信用证要求提交港至港运输提单者，除非信用证另有规定，银行将接受下述单据，不论其称谓如何：
Ⅰ．表面注明承运人的名称，并由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实：
－－承运人或作为承运人的具名代理或代表，或
－－船长或作为船长的具名代理或代表。
承运人或船长的任何签字或证实，必须表明“承运人”或“船长”的身份。代理人代表承运人或船长签字或证实时，也必须表明他所代表的委托 人的名称和身份，即注明代理人是代表承运人或船长签字或证实的；
及
Ⅱ．提单上注明货物已装船或已装指名船只。
已装船或已装指名船只的内容，可由提单上印就的“货物已装上指名船只”或“货物已装运指名船只”的词语来表示，在此情况下，提单的出具日期即视为装船日期与装运日期。
在所有其它情况下，装上指名船只这一内容，必须以提单上注明货物装船日期的批注来证实，在此情况下，装船批注日期即视为装运日期。
当提单上含有“预期船”字样或类似有关限定船只的词语时，装上具名船只这一内容必须由提单上的装船批注来证实。该项装船批注除注明货物 已装船的日期外，还应包括实际装货的船名，即使实际装货船只的名称为“预期船”，亦应如此。
如提单上注明的收货地或接受监管地与装货港不同，货已装船的批注仍须注明信用证规定的装货港和实际装货船名，即使已装货船只的名称与提 单注明的船只名称一致，亦应如此。本规定还适用于任何由提单上印定的船词语来表示装船情况。
及
Ⅲ．注明信用证规定的装货港和卸货港，尽管提单上可能有下述情况：
（a）注明不同于装货港的货物接受监管地及／或不同于卸货港的***终目的地，
及／或
（b）含有“预期”或类似有关限定装货港，及／或卸货港的标注者，只要单据上表示了信用证规定的装货港及／或卸货港；及
Ⅳ．开立全套正本提单可以是仅有一份正本提单或者是一份以上正本提单，
及
Ⅴ．含有全部承运条件或部分承运条件须参阅提单以外的某一出处或文件（属简式／背面空白提单）者，银行对此类承运条件的内容不予审核，
及
Ⅵ．未注明受租船合约约束及／或未注明承运船只仅以风帆为动力者，
及
Ⅶ．在所有其它方面均符合信用证规定者。
b．就本条文而言，转运指在信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中，将货物由一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船的运输。
c．除非信用证禁止转运，否则只要同一提单包括了海运全程运输，银行将接受注明货物将转运的提单。
d．即使信用证禁止转运
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| | 《跟单信用证统一惯例》UCP500（中文版）
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| | 《跟单信用证统一惯例》UCP500（中文版）
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| 所出具的正本的份数。注明“***正本”、“第二正本” “第三正本”、“正本”、“第二份”、“第三份”等类似表述的运输单据都是正本。提单不一定非要注明“正本”字样才能被接受为正本。参见＜＜关于UCP 500条第20条（b）款项下正本单据的确定＞＞（国际商会出版物470/871Rew，1999年7月12日）（第3.1节）。
提单的签署
76．正本提单必须以UCP第20条（b）款规定的方式进行签字，且承运人的名称必须出现在提单的表面，并表明承运人身份。
(1)如果提单由代理人代表承运签署，则必须表明其代理人身份，而且必须表明所代理的承运人，除非提单表面的其他地方已经表明了承运人。
(2)如果船长签署提单，则船长的签字必须表明“船长”身份。在此情况下，不必标明船长的姓名。
(3)如果由代理人代表船长签署提单，则必须表明其代理人身份且须注明被代理的船长姓名。
77．信用证规定“运输行提单可以接受”或使用了类似用语，则提单可以由运输行以运 输行的身份而不必表明其为承运人或具名承运人的代理人。提单不必显示承运人的名称。
装船批注
78．如果提交的是预先印就“已装运于船”的提单，提单的出具日期即视为装运日，除非提单带有加注日期的单独装船批注，此时，该装船批注的日期即视为装运日，而不论该批注日期是在提单签发日期之前还是之后。
79．“已装运表面状况良好”、“已载于船”、“清洁已装船”或其他包含“已装运”（”shipped”）或“已装在船上”（“on board”）之类用语的措辞与“已装运于船”（“shipped on board”）具有同样效力。
装货港和卸货港
80．信用证要求的装货港名称应在提单的装货港栏中表明。如果很清楚货物是由船只从收货地运输，且有装船批注表明货物在“收货地“或类似栏名下显示的港口装载在该船上的话，也可在”收货地“或类似栏名下表明。
81．信用证要求的卸货港名称应在提单的卸货港栏中表明。如果很清楚货物将由船只运送到***终目的地，且有批注表明卸货港就是“***终目的地”或类似栏名下显示的港口中，也要在“***终目的地”或类似栏名下表明。
82．如果收货地为一集装箱堆场或集装箱货运站，且与规定的装货港相同（例如收货地为香港集装堆场；装货港为香港），这些地点将被视为同一地点，因此，无需在“装船批注“中注明装货港和船名。
83．如果信用证规定了装货港及/或卸货港的地理区或范围（如“任一欧洲港口”），则提单必须表明实际的装港及/或卸货港，而且该港口必须位于信用证规定的地理区域或范围之内。
收货人、指示方、托运人、到货被通知人和背书
84．如果信用证要求提单抬头以某具名人为收货人，如“收货人为XXX银行”（即记名方式）而不是“凭指示”或“凭XXX银行的指示”等等，则提单不得在具名人的肍称前出现“凭指示”或“凭的XXX指示”的字样，不论该字样是打印还是预先印就的。同样，如果信用证要求提单抬头为“凭指示”或“凭某人指示”，提单就不能做Bs梢愿镁呙宋栈跞说募敲问健?
85．如果提单做成指示式抬头或做成凭托运人指示式抬头，则该提单必须经托运人背书。代理人为或代表托运人所做的背书是可以接受的。
86．如果信用证未规定到货被通知人，则提单中的相关栏位可以空白，或以任何方式填写。
转运和分批装运
87．转运是指信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中将货物从一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船。如果卸货和再装船不是发生在装货港和卸贷港之间，则不视为转运。
88．虽然信用证可能禁止转运，但UCP500第23条（d）款仍然允许在某些情况下进行转运。但是，如果信用证禁止转运，并且排除UCP500第23条（d）款（i）和（ii）项的适用，则表面表明将发生或可能发生转运的提单将被视为不符点。
89．如果信用证禁止分批装运，而提交的正本提单不止一套，装运港主一个或一个以上的港（信用证特别允许或在信用证规定的特定地理范围内），只要单据表明运输的货物是用同一艘船并经同一航程，目的地为同一卸货港，则此种单据可以接受。如果提交了一套以上的提单，而提单表明不同的装运日期，则***迟的装运日期将被用来计算交单期限，且该日期必须在信用证规定的***迟装运日或之前。货装多艘船即构成分批装运，即使这些船在同日出发并驶向同一目的地。
清洁提单
90．载有明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注的提单是不可接受的，未明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注（如“包装状况可能无法满足海运航程”），不构成不符点。说明包装“是无法满足海运航程的”声明不可接受。
91．即使信用证可能要求“清洁已装船提单”或注明“清洁已装船”的提单，提单也无需出现“清洁”字样。
92．如果提单下出现“清洁”字样，但又被***，并不视为有不清洁批注或不清洁，除非提单载有明确声明货物或包装的缺陷的条款或批注。
货物描述
93．提单上的货物描述可以使用与信用证规定不矛盾的货物统称。
修正和变更
94．提单上的修正和变更必须经过证实。证实从表面看来必须是由承运人、船长，或其代理人所为（该代理人可以与出具或签署提单的代理人不同），只要表明其作为承运人或船长的代理人身份。
95．对于正本可能已做的任何修正或变更，不可转让提单副本无需任何签字或证实。
运费和额外费用
96．如果信用证要求提单注明运费已付或到目的地支付，则提单必须有相应标注。
97．申请人和开证行应明确要求单据是表明运费预付还是到付。
98．如果信用证规定运费之外的额外费用不可接受，则提单不得表示运费之外的其他费用已产生或将要产生。此类表示可以通过明确提及额外费用或使用与货物装卸费有关的装运术语表达，例如“装货船只免责”（Free In (FI)）, “卸货船方免责”（Free Out (FO)）, “装卸货船方免责”（Free In and Out (FIO)）及“装卸货及堆积船方免责”（ Free In and Out Stowed (FIOS)）.运输单据上提到由于延迟卸货或货物卸载之后的延迟可能产生费用，如集装箱延期归还的费用，不属于此处所说的额外费用。
货物涉及一套以上提单
99．如果一份提单说明某一集装箱内的货物由该提单和另外一套或多套提单一起代表，且该提单声明所有提单均须提交，或有类似表述，则意味着与该集装箱有关的所有提单必须一并提交后才能交付该集装箱。此类提单不可接受，除非同一信用证项下的所有这类提单在同一次交单时一并提交。
租船合约提单
UCP第25条的适用
100．如果信用证要求提交港至港租船合约提单，则适用UCP第25条。若运输单据注明 受租船合约约束，则此运输单据即为UCP第25条项下的租船合约提单。
101．如果信用证要求提交租船合约提单，而提交的是注明受租船合约约束的海洋运输单 据，则该单据必须符合UCP第25条的要求。
全套正本
102．适用UCP第25条的运输单据必须注明所出具的正本份数。注明“***正本”、“第二正本”、“第三正本”、“正本”、“第二份”、“第三份”等类似用语的运输单据均为正本。信用证项下，租船合约提单不必非要注明“正本”字样才能被接受。参见＜＜关于UCP500第20条（b）款项下正本单据的确定＞＞（国际商会出版物470/871Rev，1999年7月12日）（第3.1节）。
租船合约提单的签署
103．正本租船合约提单必须以第20条（b）款规定的方式签署。
(1)如果租船合约提单由船长或船东签署，则船长或船东的签字必须表明“船长”或“船东”身份。
(2)如果由代理人代表船长或船东签署，则必须表明其代理人身份且必须注明被代理的船长或船东姓名（名称）
装船批注
104．如果提交的是预先印就“已装运于船”字样的租船合约提单，提单的也具日期即视为装运日期，除非提单上另有装船批注，此时装船批注日期即视为装运日期，而不论该日期是在提单签发日期之前还是之后。
105．“已装运表面状况良好”（“Shipped in apparent good order”）、“已载于船”（“Laden on board”）、“清洁已装船”（“Clean on board”）或其他包含“已装运”（“Shippedd”）或“已装在船上”（“on board”）之类用语的措辞与”已装运于船”（“Shipped on board”）具有同样效力。
装货港和卸货港
106．如果信用证规定了装货港及/或卸货港的地理区域或范围（例如“任一欧洲港口”），租船合约提单必须注明实际的装货港且该装货港必须位于规定的地理区域或范围内，但可用地理区域或范围表示卸货港。
收货人、指示方、托运人、到货被通知人和背书
107．如果信用证要求租船合约提单抬头以某具名人为收货人（如“收货人为XXX银行”而不是“凭指示”或“凭XXX银行的指示”等等）（即记名方式），则租船合约提单不得在该具名人的名称前出现“凭指示”或“凭XXX指示”的字样，不论该字样是打印上的还是预先印就的。同样，如果信用证要求租船合约提单抬头为“凭指示”或“凭某具名人指示”，则该提单不得做成以该具名人为收货人的记名形式。
108．如果租船合约提单做成指示式抬头或做成凭托运人指示式抬头，则该单据必须经托运人背书。代理人为或代表托运人做的背书是可以接受的。
109．如果信用证未规定到货被通知人，则租船合约提单上的相关栏位可以空白，或以任何方式填写。
分批装运
110．如果信用证禁止分批装运，而提交的正本租船合约提单不止一套，且装运港为一个或一个以上港口中（信用证特别允许或在信用证规定的特定地理区域内），只要单据表明运输的货物是用同一艘船并经同一航程，目的地为同一卸货港、同一港口范围或地理区域，单据是可以接受。如果提交了一套以上的租船合约提单，而提单表明不同的装运日期，则***迟的装运日期将被用来计算交单期限，且该日期必须在信用证规定的***迟装运日或之前。货装多艘船即构成分批装运，即使这些船在同日出发并驶向一目的地。
清洁租船合约提单
111．载有明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注的租船合约提单是不可接受的。未明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注（如“包装状况有可能无法满足海运航程“），不构成不符点。而说明包装“是无法满足海运航程的”的声明则不可接受。
112．即使信用证可能要求“清洁已装船租船合约提单”或注明“清洁已装船”的提单，租船合约提单也无需出现“清洁”字样。
113．如果租船合约提单上出现“清洁”字样，但又被***，并不视为有不清洁批注或不清洁，除非单据上载有明确声明货物或包装有缺陷的条款或批注。
货物描述
114．租船合约提单上的货物描述可发使用与信用证规定不矛盾的货物统称。
修正和变更
115．租船合约提单上修正和变更必须经过证实。证实须表面上看来系由船东、船长，或其代理人所为（该代理人可以与出具或签署提单的代理人不同），只要表明其作为船东或船长的代理人身份。
116．对于正本上可能已做任何修正或变更，不可转让的租船合约提单副本无需任何签字或证实。
运费和额外费用
117．如果信用证要求租船合约提单注明运费已付或到目的地支付，则租船合约提单必须有相应标注。
118．申请人和开证行应明确要求单据是注明运费预付还是到付。
119．如果信用证规定运费之外的额外费用不可接受，则租船合约提单不得表示运费之外的其他费用已产生或将要产生。此类表示可以通过明确提及额外费用或使用与货物装卸费有关的装运术语表达，例如“装货船方免责”（Free In (FI)）,“卸货船方免责”（Free Out (FIO)）及“装卸货及堆积船方免责”（Free In and Out Stowed (FIOS)）.运输单据上提到由于延迟卸货或货物卸载之后的延迟可能产生费用，不属于此外所说的额外费用。
多式联运单据
UCP第26条的适用
120．如果信用证要求提交包括至少两种运输方式的运输单据，并且运输单据明确表明其覆盖自信用证规定的货物接管地及/或港口、机场或装货地至***终目的地的运输，则适用第26条之规定。在此情况下，多式联运单据不能表明运输仅由一种运输方式完成，但就采用何种运输方式可不予说明。
121．本文件中所指多式联运单据还包括联合运输单据。单据不一定非使用“多式联运单据”或“联合运输单据”的名称才是UCP第26条下可接受的单据，即使信用证使用了此类表述。
全套正本
122．适用第26条的运输单据必须注明所出具的正本的份数。注明“***正本”、“第二正本”、“第三正本”、“正本”、“第二份”、“第三份”等类似用语的运输单据都是正本。信用证项下多式联运单据不必非要注明“正本”字样才可被接受。参见国际商会银行委员会1999年7月12日关于正本单据的决定（第3.1节）。
多式联运单据的签署
123．多式联运单据必须按第20条（b）款规定的方式签字，且承运人或多式联运经营人的名称必须出现在运输单据表面，并表明承运人或多式联运经营人身份。
a）、如果多式联运单据由代理人代表承运人或多式联运经营人签署，则必须表明其代理人身份，并且必须表明被代理人是谁，除非多式联运单据表面的其他地方已表明承运人或多式联运经营人的名称。
b)、如果船长签署多式联运单据，则船长的签字必须表明“船长”身份。在这种情况下，不必注明船长的姓名。
c)、如果由代理人代表船长签署多式联运单据，则必须表明其代理人身份且必须注明被代理的船长的姓名。
124．如果信用证规定“运输行多式联运单据可接受”或使用了类似用语，则多式联运单据可以由运输行以运输行身份签署而不必表明其为承运人、多式联运经营人或其代理人。单据不必显示承运人或多式联运经营人名称。
装船批注
125．多式联运单据的出具日期应视为发运、接管或装船的日期，除非单据上另有单独的注明日期的批注，表明货物已在信用证规定的地点发运、接管或装船，在此情况下，该批注日期即被视为装运日期，而不论该日期是早于或迟于单据的出具日期。
126．“已装船表面状况良好”（“Shipped in apparent good order”）、“已载于船”（“Laden on board”）、“清洁已装船”（“clean on board”）或其他包含“已装运”（“shipped”）或“已装在船上”（“on board”）之类用语的措辞与“已装运于船”（“shipped on board”）具有同样产力。
接管地、发运地、装货地和目的地
127．如果信用证给出了接管地、发运地、装货地和目的地的地理区域（如“任一欧洲港口”），则多式联运单据必须注明实际的接管地、发运地、装货地和目的地拉，且该地点必须在规定的地理区域或范围内。
收货人、指示方、托运人、到货被通知人和背书
128．如果信用证要求多式联运单据抬头以某具名人为收货人（如“收货人为XXX银行”而不是“凭指示”或“凭XXX银行的指示”等等）（即记名方式），则多式联运单据不得在该具名人的名称出现“凭指示”或“凭XXX指示”的字样，不论该字样是打印上的还是预先印就的。同样，如果信用证要求多式联运单据抬头为“凭指示”或“凭某具名人指示”，则多式联运单据不得做成以该具名人为收货人的记名形式。
129．如果多式联运单据做成指示式抬或做成凭托运人指示式抬头，则该单据必须经托运人背书。代理人为或代表托运人做的背书可以接受。
130．如果信用证未规定到货被通知人，则多式联运单据上的相关栏位可以空白，或以任何方式填写。
转运和分批装运
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| |
8楼 hwx0564335
等级:小学生
发帖数:5
回帖数:11
| 发帖时间 - 2006/7/6 10:14:39
| 131．在多式联运方式下，将会发生转运，即自信用证规定的接管地、发运地或装货地至***终目的地之间的运输过程中，将货物从一种运输工具上卸下，再装上另一种运输工具。即使信用证禁止转运，银行将接受表明已发生转运的多式联运单据，只要整个运输过程为同一多式联运单据所覆盖。
132．如果信用证禁止分批装运，而提交的正本多式联运单据不止一套，覆盖在一个或一个以上地点（信用证特别允许的地点或在给定的地理区域内）的装运、发运或接管，只要单据覆盖的货物运输系由同一运输工具完成，经同一航程，前往同一目的地，则此类单据可以接受。如果提交了一套以上的单据，而单据表明不同的装运、发运或接管日期，则发这此日期中的***迟者计算交单期，且该日期为信用证规定的***迟装运、发运或接管的日期或之前。
133．由一件以上运输工具（一辆以上的卡车、一艘以上的轮船、一架以上的飞机等）进行的运输即为分批装运，即使这些运输工具同日出发并驶向同一目的地。
清洁多式联运单据
134、载有明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注的多式联运单据是不可接受的。未明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注（如“包装状况有可能无法满足航程”）不构成不符点，而说明包装“无法满足航程要求”的条款则不可接受。
135．使信用证可能要求“清洁已装货多式联运单据”或注明“清洁已装货”的单据，多式联运单据上也不一定非要出现“清洁”字样。
136．如果多式联运单据上出现“清洁”字样，但又被***，并不视为有不清洁批注或不语法，除非单据载有明确声明货物或包装有缺陷的条款或批注。
货物描述
137．多式联运单据上的货物描述可以使用与信用证规定不矛盾的货物统称。
修正和变更
138．多式联运单据上的修正与变更必须经过证实。证实从表面看必须由承运人、船长、多式联运经营人，或其代理人所为，该代理人可以与出具或签署单据的代理人不同，只要表明其作为承运人、船长或多式联运经营人的代理人身份。
139．对于正本可能已做的任何修正或变更，多式联运单据的副本无需任何签字或证实。
运费和额外费用
140．如果信用证要求多式联运单据注明运费已付或到目的地支付，则多式联运单据必须有相应标注。
141．申请人和开证行应明确要求单据是注明运费预付还是到付。
142．如果信用证规定运费之外的额外费用不可接受，则多式联运单据不得表示运费之外的其他费用已产生或将要产生。此类表示可以通过明确提及额外费用或使用与货物装卸费有关的装运术语表达，例如“装货船方免责”（Free in (FI)）“卸货船方免责”（Free Out (FO)）,“装卸货船方免责”（Free In and Out (FIO)）及“装卸货及堆积船方免责”（ Free In and Out Stowed (FIOS)）.运输单据上提到由于延迟卸货或货物卸载之后的延迟可能产生费用，不属于此处所说的额外费用。
货物涉及一套以上提单
143．如果多式联运单据说明某一集装箱内的货物由该运输单据和另外一套或数套多式联运单据一起代表，并声明所有多式联运单据均须提交，或有类似表述，则意味着与该集装箱有关的所有多式联运单据必须一并提交后才能交付该集装箱的货物，此种多式联运单据不可接受，除非同一信用证项下的所有这类多式联运单据在同一交交单时一并提交。
空运单据
UCP第27条的适用
144．如果信用证要求提交机场到机场运输单据，则适用UCP第27条。
145．如果信用证要求提交“航空运单”或“航空发货通知书”等类似单据，则适用第27条，只要空运单据覆盖了机场到机场的运输，不一定非要使用上述或类似用语才符合第27条要求。
正本空运单据
146．空运单据必须在表面看来系“发货人/托运人的正本”。如果要求提交全套正本单据，只要提交一份表明是发货人/托运人正本的单据即可。
空运单据的签署
147．正本空运单据必须以UCP第20条（b）规定的方式签署，且承运人的名称必须出现在空运单据的表面，并表明承运人身份。如果由代理人代表承运人签署空运单据，则必须表明其代理人身份，且必须注明被代理的承运人，除非空运单据表面的其他地方注明了承运人。
148．如果信用证规定“航空分运单可接受以”或“运输行航空运单可接受”或类似用语，则空运单据可由运输行发运输行的身份签署，而无需表明其为承运人或具保承运人的代理，无需表明承运人名称。
货物收妥待运、装运日期与对实际发运日期的要求
149．空运单据必须表明货物已收妥待运。
150．如果信用证要求空运单据表面必须标明发运的实际日期，则单据必须对此信息作出单独标注。该发运日期将被视为装运日期。“仅供承运人使用”或类似栏位里的内容不被用来确定实际的发运日。
151．如果信用证不要求单据显示实际的发运日期，则空运单据的出具日期将被视为发运日期，即使单据在“仅供承运人使用”或类似用语的栏位中标明了航班日期及/或航班号。如果实际的航班日期在单据上被单独批注，但信用证并未要求，则该日期将不被用来确定装运日期。
出发地机场和目的地机场
152．空运单据必须标明信用证要求的出发地机场和目的地机场。用IATA代码而非机场全称（例如用LHR来代替伦敦西思罗机场）表明机场名称不是不符点。
153．如果信用如果信用证规定了出发地机场及/或目的地机场的地理区域或范围（例如“任一欧洲机场”），则空运单必须注明实际的出发地机场及/或目的地机场，而且该机场必须位于规定的地理区域或范围内。
收货人、指示方和到货被通知人
154．空运单据不是物权凭证，因此不应做成“凭指示”式或“凭某具名人指示”式抬头。即使信用证要求空运单据做成“凭指示”式或“凭某具名人指示”式抬头，如提交的单据表明收货人为该具名人，则即使该单据没有做成“凭指示”式或“凭某具名人指示”式抬头，也可接受。
155．如果信用证未规定到货被通知人，则空运单上的相关栏位可以空白，或以任何方式填写。
转运和分批装运
156．转运是指信用证规定的出发地机场到目的地机场之间的运输过程中，将货物从一架飞机上卸下再装上另一架飞机的运输。如果卸货和再装不是发生在出发地机场和目的地机场之间，则不视为转运。
157．虽然信用证可能禁止转运，按照UCP500第27条（c）款规定，仍可转运，只要同一空运单据覆盖运输全程。
158．如果信用证禁止分批装运，而提交的空运单据不止一份，覆盖从一个或一个以上出发地机场（经信用证特别允许或在信用证规定的范围内）的运输，只要单据表明运输的货物是用同一架飞机，并经同一航程，目的地为同一机场，则此种单据可以接受。如果提交了一份以上的空运单据表明不同的装运日期，则***迟的装运日期将被用来计算交单期限，且该日期必须在信用证规定的***迟装运日之前或当日。
159．货装多架飞机即构成分批装运，即使这些飞机在同日出发并飞往同一目的地。
清洁空运单据
160．载有明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注的空运单是不可接受的。未明确声明货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注（如“包装状况有可能无法满足空运航程”），不构成不符点，而说明包装“是无法满足海运航程的”的条款则不可接受。
161．即使信用证可能要求“清洁空运单”或注明“清洁已装机”的单据，空运单据不一定非要出现“清洁”字样。
162．如果空运单上出现“清洁”字样，但又被***，并不视为有不清洁批注或不清洁，除非单据上载有明确声明货物或包装有缺陷的条款或批注。
货物描述
163．空运单上的货物描述可以使用与信用证规定不矛盾的货物统称。
修正和变更
164．空运单上的修正和变更必须经过证实。证实须表面上看来系由承运人或其代理人所为（该代理人可以与出具或签署空运单据的代理人不同），只要表明其作为承运人的代理人身份。
165．空运单据的副本无需承运人或代理人的签字（或托运人的签字，即使信用证要求正本空运单据上有其签字），也不要求对正本单据上可能已作出的任何修正或变更进行任何证实。
运费和额外费用
运费和额外费用
166．如果信用证要求空运单注明运费已付或到目的地支付，则空运单必须有相应标注。
167．申请人和开证行应明确要求单据是注明运费预付还是到付。
168．如果信用证规定运费之外的额外费用不可接受，则空运单不得表示运费之外的其他费用已产生或将要产生。此类表示可以通过明确提及额外费用或使用与货物装卸费有关的装运术语表达。运输单据上提到由于延迟卸货或货物卸载之后的延迟可能产生费用，不属于此处所说的额外费用。
169．空运单据常常有单独的栏位，通过印就的标题分别标明“预付”运费和“到付”运费。如果信用证要求空运单据表明运费已预付，则在标明“预付”运费或类似用语的栏位内填具运输费用即符合信用证要求。如果信用证要求空运单据表明运费到付，则在标明“待收运费”或类似用语的栏位内填具运输费用即符合信用证要求。
公路、铁路或内河运输单据
UCP第28条的适用
170．如果信用证要求提交覆盖公路、铁路或内河运输的运输单据，则适用UCP第28条。
公路、铁路或内河运输单据的正本和第二联
171．如果信用证要求公路、铁路或内河运输单据，则不论提交的运输单据是否注明正本单据，都将作为正本单据接受。公路运输单据必须表明其为签发给托运人/发货人的一联，或者对其签发对象不做任何标注。对铁路运单而言，许多铁路运输公司的做法是仅向托运人/发货人提供加盖铁路公司***的一联（常常是拓印联）。此联将作为正本接受。
公路、铁路或内河运输单据的承运人与签署
172．如果运输单据表面已经以其他方式表明承运人的承运人身份，“承运人”一词不需要出现在签字处，只要运输单据表面看来是由承运人或其代理人签署。国际标准银行实务做法接受带有铁路发运站日期章的铁路运输单据，无需注明承运人名称或者为或代表承运人签字的具名代理人的名称（见UCP第28条(a)款（i）项）。
173．UCP500第28条使用的“承运人”一词包括运输单据中的“签发承运人”、“实际承运人”、“后继承运人”及“承包承运人”等用语。
174．运输单据上的任何签字、证实、收妥***或其他收妥表示必须表面看来系由下列人员之一作出：
a）承运人，并表明其承运人身份，或
b）为承运人或代表承运人签字的具名代理人，并注明代理人所代表的承运人的名称和身份。
指示方、到货被通知人和背书
175．不是物权凭证的运输单据不应做成“凭指示”式或“凭某具名人指示”式抬头。即使信用证要求将不是物权凭证的运输单据做成“凭指示”式或“凭某具名人指示”式抬头，如提交的单据表明收货人为该具名人，则即使该单据没有做成“凭指示”式或“凭XXX指示”式抬头，也可接受。
176．如果信用证未规定到货被通知人，则运输单据上的相关栏位可以空白，或以任何方式填写。
分批装运
177．由一件以上运输工具（一辆以上的卡车、一辆以上的火车、一艘以下的轮船等）进行的运输即为分批装运，即使这些运输工具同日出发并驶向同一目的地。
货物描述
178．运输单据中的货物描述可以使用与信用证规定不矛盾的货物统称。
修正和变更
179．UCP第28条规定的运输单据的修正和变更必须经过证实。证实须表面上看来系由承运人或其具名代理人所为。该代理人可以与出具或签署单据的代理人不同，只要表明其作为承运人的代理人身份。
180．对UCP第28条所规定的运输单据正本上可能已作出的任何修正或变更，其副本不需要进行任何签字或证实。
运费和额外费用
181．如果信用证要求UCP第28条规定的运输单据注明运费已付或到目的地支付，则运输单据必须有相应标注。
182．申请人和开证行应明确要求单据是注明运费预付还是到付。
保险单据
UCP第34-36条的适用
183．如果信用证要求提交保险单据，则适用UCP第34-36条。
保险单据的出单人
184．保险单据必须在表面上看来是由保险公司、保险商或其代理人出具并签署。如保险单据表面有要求或信用证条款要求，所有正本必须表面看来已被副签。
185．如果保险单据在保险经纪人的信笺上出具，只要该保险单据是由保险公司或其代理人，或由保险商或其代理人签署，该保险单据可以接受。保险经纪人可以作为具名保险公司或具名保险商的代理人进行签署。
投保风险
186．保险单据必须投保信用证规定的风险。如果信用证明确列明应投保的风险，则保险单据对上述风险必须不做任何排除。如果信用证要求“一切险”，则只要提交任何带有“一切险”条款或批注的保险单据，即使该单据声明不包括某些风险，也符合信用证要求。如果保险单据标明投保（伦敦保险）协会货物保险条款（A），也符合信用证关于“一切险”条款或批注的要求。
187．同一运输的同一险种的保险必须由同一保险单据表示，除非进行部分保险的多份保险单据通过百分比或其他方式明确反映每一保险人的保险价值，并且每一保险人将各自分别承担自己的责任份额，不受同一运输可能已经办理的其他保险的影响。
188．保险单据必须表明保险责任至少覆盖从信用证所规定的货物装运、发运或接管地到卸货或***终目的地之间的路程。
日期
189．保险单据的出具日期不得晚于货物在信用证规定的地点装船、发运或接管（如适用的话）的日期，除非保险单据表明保险责任***晚于货物在信用证规定的地点装船、发运或接管（如适用的话）之日起生效。
190．载有有效期的保险单据必须清楚地表明该有效期限是关于货物装船、发运或接管（如适用的话）的***迟日期，而不是保险单据项下提出索赔的期限。
币种和金额
191．保险单据必须按信用证使用的币种，并至少按信用证要求的金额出具。如果信用证没有规定投保金额的***比例，则***投保金额必须是CIF价之金额的110%或CIP价之金额的110%。诸如“就110%进行保险”或类似要求应被认为是对***投保金额的要求。UCP没有规定任何***比例。
192．如果信用证要求保险金额不计免赔率，则保险单据不得含有表明保险责任受免赔率或免赔额约束的条款。
193．如果从信用证或单据可以得知中***后的***金额仅仅是货物总价值的一部分（例如由于折扣、预付或类似情况，或由于货物的部分价款将晚些支付），也必须将货物的总价值为基础来计算保险金额。
被保险人和背书
194．保险单据必须按信用证要求的形式出具，并且在需要时经有权索偿人背书。如果信用证要求空白背书式的保险单据，则保险单据也可开立成来人式，反之亦然。
195．如果信用证对被保险人未做规定，则标明赔偿将付给托运人或受益人***的人的保险单据不可接受，除非经过背书。保险单据应开立成或背书成使保险单据项下的索赔权利在放单之时或之前得以转让。
原产地证明
基本要求
196．如信用证要求原产地证明，则提交经过签署，注明日期的证明货物原产地的单据即满足要求。
原产地证明的出具人
197．原产地证明必须由信用证规定的人出具。但是，如果信用证要求原产地证明由受益人，出口商或厂商出具，则由商会出具的单据是可以接受的，只要该单据相应地注明受益人、出口商或厂商。如果信用证没有规定由谁来出具原产地证明，则由任何人包括受益人出具的单据都可接受。
原产地证明的内容
198．原产地证明必须地表面上与***的货物相关联。原产地证明中的货物描述可以使用与信用证规定不相矛盾的货物统称，或通过其他援引表明其与要求的单据中的货物相关联。
199．收货人的信息，如果显示，则不得与运输单据中的收货人信息相矛盾。但是，如果信用证要求运输单据作成“凭指示”、“凭托运人指示”、“凭开证行指示”或“货发开证行”式抬头，则原产地证明可以显示信用证的申请人或信用证中具名的另外一人作为收货人。如果信用证已经转让，那么以***受益人作为收货人也可接爱。
200．原产地证明可发显示信用证受益人或运输单据上的托运人之外的另外一人为发货人/出口方。
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| 发帖时间 - 2006/7/6 10:15:33
| 《关于审核跟单信用证项下单据的国际标准银行实务》
(International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents under Documentary Credits，shortened form“ISBP”)
Introduction
At its May 2000 meeting the Commission on Banking Technique and Practice of the International Chamber of Commerce (the “ICC Banking Commission”) chartered a Task Force to document international standard banking practice for the examination of documents as reflected in the articles of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits. While the Task Force has based its work on International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 500 (UCP), the principles set forth here are likely to be generally applicable to succeeding revisions, because this statement of practice is consistent with the UCP and the Opinions and Decisions of the ICC Banking Commission. The final product reflects the input from ICC National Committees and individual ICC members. Grateful acknowledgement is made of the thousands of hours contributed by members of the Task Force and others. In the opinion of the ICC Banking Commission, this document states international standard banking practice as reflected in the articles of UCP. This document supplements and explains the practices on which the UCP is based and should not be viewed as an amendment to the UCP. Some of these practices are assumed in UCP, while others are implied, therefore this document must be read in conjunction with the relevant UCP provisions. No exercise can anticipate all the terms or the documents that may be used in connection with documentary credits (“credits”) or their interpretation under the UCP and the standard practice it reflects, much less the evolution of practice in response to changing commercial needs. Nevertheless, a serious attempt has been made to address discrete issues that commonly arise but are not expressly treated in the UCP in light of the principles that shape standard banking practice. The application of the UCP, and the practices documented in this
publication, should enable parties to deal successfully with almost any examination eventuality. Apart from technical rules of standard practice it must be recognized that the successful completion of a transaction also requires good faith on the part of all involved and the exercise of sound judgement. It must also be recognised that the credit can vary standard banking practice, as stated in Article 1 of UCP. Any term in a credit which modifies or affects the applicability of the UCP will also have an impact on the standard banking practices. Therefore, in considering documentary compliance, parties must observe and take into account any term in a credit that expressly excludes or modifies a provision in an Article of the UCP. While this principle is assumed throughout this document, it is sometimes expressly stated for emphasis or to illustrate a principle. The absence of such a reference, however, does not imply that the terms of the credit may not override the general proposition stated in these practices.
Document 470/951rev3
2
This publication is organised into three parts. The first is “Preliminary Considerations”. The second addresses ”General Principles” which may apply to any document. The third deals with documents commonly required by credits. The International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents articulates international standard banking practice for issuers, nominated banks, and beneficiaries. Applicants, however, should not assume that they may rely on these provisions in order to excuse their obligations to reimburse the issuer, since their obligations, rights, and remedies depend upon their undertaking with the issuer, the performance of the underlying transaction, and the timeliness of any objection under applicable law and practice. The UCP and this publication should be read in their entirety. Please note that the heading of each section is for reference as to intent and purpose only. It is not to be construed as other than solely for benefit or guidance. There should be no legal imputation.
Document 470/951rev3
3
PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS The Application and Issuance of the Credit
1. The terms of a credit are independent of the underlying transaction even if the credit expressly refers to that transaction. To avoid unnecessary costs, delays, and disputes in the examination of documents, however, the applicant and beneficiary should carefully consider which documents should be required, by whom they should be produced, and
the time frame for presentation.
2. The applicant bears the risk of any ambiguity in its instructions to issue or amend a credit. Unless expressly stated otherwise, a request to issue or amend a credit authorizes an issuer to supplement or develop the terms in a manner necessary or desirable to permit the use of the credit.
3. The applicant should be aware that the UCP contains articles such as Articles 13, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 39, 40, 46 and 47 that define terms in a manner that may produce unexpected results unless the applicant fully acquaints itself with these provisions. For example, in a credit requiring presentation of a marine bill of lading, a prohibition against transhipment will have to specifically exclude UCP500 Sub-Article 23d. A statement in a credit that transhipment is prohibited will still allow transhipment to occur, subject to the conditions of the above sub-Article.
4. A credit should not require presentation of documents that are to be issued and/or countersigned by the applicant. If the credit is issued including such terms, the beneficiary must either seek amendment or comply with them and bears the risk of failure
to do so.
5. Many of the problems that arise at the examination stage could be avoided or resolved by careful attention to detail in the underlying transaction, the credit application, and issuance of the credit as discussed.
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Issuer of Documents
6. Where a credit indicates that a document is to be issued by a named entity, the condition is satisfied if:
a) the document appears to be issued by the named entity - i.e. on its letterhead or specified form and, if required, appears to be signed by the named entity; or
b) the document is issued on unheaded paper but within its body there is evidence of completion by and/or signature of the named entity.
Language
7. According to international standard banking practice, documents must be issued in the language of the credit. An issuing bank which requires document(s) in another language(s) than that of the credit must so state in the credit. When a credit states that documents in two or more languages are acceptable, a nominated bank may in its advice of the credit limit the number of acceptable languages as a condition of its engagement in their credit or confirmation.
Dates
8. Documents such as drafts, certificates, declarations, statements, transport documents and insurance documents must be dated and signed. Whether other documents require dating will depend on the nature and content of the document in question. A requirement for a document to be dated - other than those mentioned above - may be satisfied by linkage
within its content to the date of another document forming part of the same presentation (e.g. where a shipping certificate will be issued which states “date as per bill of lading number xxx” or similar).
9. Documents may be issued after the date of shipment. However, the issuance date of documents must not be later than the date the documents are presented. Where a credit requires a pre-shipment inspection certificate or a document incorporating such wording, it may also be issued after the date of shipment. However, in such case, either its title or content must indicate that inspection took place prior to or on the date of shipment.
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10. A document indicating a date of preparation and a date of signing is deemed to be issued on the date of signing.
11. The rule for presentation in sub-Article 43 (a) of UCP500 only applies to presentations that must contain original transport documents. The transport documents are those which fall under the category to be reviewed under Articles 23 – 29.
12. Phrases are often used to signify time on either side of a date or event.
a) “within 2 days of” or “within 2 days after” indicates a period from the date of the event until 2 days after the event. The term “within” when used in connection with a date excludes that date in calculation of the period.
b) “not later than 2 days after” does not indicate a period, only a latest date. If an advice must not be dated prior to a specific date, the credit must so state. Where the document indicates that the event has already occurred, the time before can not be included.
c) “at least 2 days before” indicates that something must take place not later than 2 days before an event. There is no limit as to how early it may take place.
13. Dates may be expressed in different formats provided that the date intended can be determined from the document or presentation. For example, the 12th of November 2001 could be expressed as 12 Nov 01, 12Nov01, 12.11.2001, 12.11.01, 2001.11.12, 11.12.01, 121101, etc. To avoid confusion it is recommended that the name of the month should be used instead of the number. ICC Opinion R 210.
Title of Documents
14. Documents should be titled as called for in the credit, or bear a title of similar intent, or may be untitled. For example, a credit requirement for a “Packing List” may also be satisfied by a document titled “Packing Note” or “Packing and Weight List”, etc. The content of a document must appear to fulfill the function of the required document. In the above example it must include packing details.
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15. If a document is to bear a specific title, the credit must expressly so state.
Multiple Pages/Attachments or Riders
16. Where a document consists of more than one page, it must be possible to determine that the pages are part of the same document.
17. If a signature and/or endorsement is required to be on a document consisting of more than one page, or which contains one or more attachment(s), the signature is normally placed on the first or last page of the document itself or on the attachment, but if placed on any page of the document would not, in itself, constitute a discrepancy.
Originals and Copies (See ICC Decision on Original Documents dated 12 July 1999)
18. Each required document must be presented in at least one original, unless the credit requires presentation of a copy(ies). The number of originals or copies must be that required by the credit or UCP.
19. 19. Documents issued in more than one original may be marked "Original", "Duplicate", "Triplicate", "First Original", "Second Original", etc. None of these markings will disqualify a document as an original ICC Opinion R.
1) 20. It can sometimes be difficult to determine from the wording of a credit whether a requirement is for a copy or for an original of a particular document. With a requirement for an invoice as an example, here are some guidelines:
a) A wording like “Invoice”, “One Invoice” and “Invoice in 1 copy” will be understood to be a requirement for an original invoice.
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b) A wording like “Invoice in 4 copies” will be satisfied by the presentation of at least one original and three copies of an invoice.
c) A wording like “One copy of Invoice” will be understood to be a requirement for a copy of an invoice.
Expressions not defined by UCP
21. Some commonly used expressions - such as “Shipping documents”, “Exporting country” and “Stale Documents Acceptable” - are not defined in UCP and if used in a credit, their meaning should be made apparent therein. If not, they have the following meaning under international standard banking practice:
a) “Shipping documents” - all documents (not only transport documents), except drafts, required by the Credit.
b) “Stale documents acceptable” - documents presented later than 21 days after the date of shipment are acceptable as long as they are presented within the validity of the credit.
c) “Third party documents acceptable” should not be used unless the issuer’s intent is that all documents, including invoices, may be issued by Third Parties. If the issuer’s intent is that the transport document(s) may show a shipper other than the beneficiary, the clause is not necessary because it is already permitted by UCP500 sub-Article 31
(iii). ICC Opinions R 246, R 277.
d) “Exporting country” - the country where the beneficiary is domiciled, or the country of origin of the goods, or the place of receipt by the carrier and/or the country from which shipment or dispatch is made. R 392.
e) When a credit states a geographical area, such as Europe, Asia, or the like, any specific location or country generally accepted to be within that area is acceptable. A credit stating a specific location such as a named city or country would not be satisfied by a document only stating the geographical area in which the named place is located.
f) Political, sovereign or other non-geographic considerations (e.g. Falkland Islands being a Territory of the UK) do not affect geographical location.
22. Words and phrases such as “immediately”, “as soon as possible”, “local” and the like have no common definition and should not be used.
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Misspellings/Typing Errors (ICC Opinion R 209)
23. Misspellings/typing errors that do not affect the meaning of a word or the sentence in which it occurs, do not make a document discrepant. For example, a description of the merchandise as “mashine” instead of “machine”, “fountan pen” instead of “fountain pen” or “modle” instead of “model” would not make the document discrepant. However, a description as “model 123” instead of “model 321” would not be considered a typing error and would therefore constitute a discrepancy.
Abbreviations
24. The use of generally accepted abbreviations, for example “Ltd.” instead of “Limited”, “Int’l” instead of “International”, “Co.” instead of “Company”, “kgs” or “kos.” instead of “kilos”, “Ind” instead of “Industry”, “mfg” for “manufacturer” or “mt” instead of “metric tons” - or vice versa - does not make a document discrepant.
25. Virgules (“/”) may have different meanings and should not be used as a substitute for a word.
Inconsistency in the Documents (Art. 13a)
26. Documents presented under a credit must not appear to be inconsistent with each other. The requirement is not that the data content be identical, merely that the documents not be inconsistent.
a) An example where information is not identical but not inconsistent is when a document shows weight of goods as “5 metric tons” and another document within the same presentation shows weight of the same goods as “5000 kilos”, and vice versa.
b) Another example would be where a bill of lading shows goods consigned to order, or to order of a bank, and other documents forming part of the same presentation show the applicant as consignee. ICC Opinion R 276.
27. The purpose of a shipping mark is to enable the carrier to identify a box, bag or package. If a credit specifies the details of a shipping mark, the document(s) submitted must exactly replicate it, but additional information is acceptable provided it is not inconsistent with the credit terms.
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28. Shipping marks contained in some documents often include information in excess of what would normally be considered “shipping marks”, and could include information such as the type of goods, warnings as to the hand ling of fragile goods, net and/or gross weight of the goods etc. The fact that some document only sho
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| 71. The quantity of merchandise, weights, and measurements shown on the invoice must be not inconsistent with the same quantities appearing on other documents. The use of different measuring systems is not a discrepancy.
72. An invoice must not show:
1) over-shipment (except as provided in sub-Article 39b), or
2) merchandise not called for in the credit (including samples, advertising materials,
etc.).
73. The quantity of the goods required in the credit may vary within a tolerance of +/ - 5%. This does not apply if the credit stipulates that the quantity must not be exceeded or reduced, or if the credit stipulates the quantity in terms of a stated number of packing units or individual items. A variance of up to +5% in the goods quantity does not allow the amount of the drawing to exceed the amount of the credit. See UCP500 sub-Article 3 (b).
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74. Where partial shipments are prohibited, a tolerance of 5% less in the invoice amount is acceptable, provided that the quantity is shipped in full and that any unit price, if stated in the credit, has not been reduced. If no quantity is stated in the credit the invoice will be considered to cover the full quantity. See UCP500 sub-Article 39 (c).
75. The required number of originals and copies must be presented. See UCP500, sub- Article 20 (c).
76. If the credit calls for instalment shipments, each shipment must be in accordance with the instalment schedule.
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OCEAN/MARINE BILLS OF LADING
(COVERING PORT-TO-PORT SHIPMENT)
According to international standard banking practice:
Application of Article 23
77. Where a credit requires presentation of a transport document covering a port-to-port shipment, Article 23 is applicable.
78. Where a credit requires presentation of a “marine” or “ocean” transport document, Article 23 applies. A transport document need not use the term marine or ocean in order to comply with Article 23 provided that it covers a port-to-port shipment.
Full Set of Originals
79. An Article 23 transport document must indicate the number of originals that have been issued. A transport document marked “first Original”, “Second Original”, “third Original”, “Original”, “Duplicate”, “Triplicate”, or similar expressions have the same effect as a full set of bills of lading which are individually marked “Original”. Bills of lading need not be marked "original" to be acceptable under a credit. ICC Opinion R 215. See also ICC Banking Commission Decision on Original Documents (section 3.1) dated 12 July 1999.
Signing of Bills of Lading
80. Bills of lading must bear a signature in the form described in sub-Article 20(b) and the name of the carrier must appear on the front of the bill of lading, identified as the carrier.
a) Where an agent signs a bill of lading on behalf of a carrier, the agent must be identified as agent, and must identify the carrier on whose behalf it is signing, unless the carrier has been identified elsewhere on the face of the bill of lading.
b) If the master (or captain) signs the bill of lading, the signature of the master (or captain) must be identified as “master” (“captain”). In this event, the name of the master (or captain) need not be stated.
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c) If an agent signs the bill of lading on behalf of the master (captain), the agent must be identified as agent and the name of the master (or captain) on whose behalf it is signing must be stated.
81. If the credit states “Freight Forwarder's Bill of Lading is acceptable” or uses a similar phrase, then the bill of lading may be issued by a freight forwarder and signed by it in the capacity of a freight forwarder, without the need to identify itself as carrier or agent for the named carrier. (ICC Opinion R.225
On Board Notations
82. Where a pre-printed “Shipped on board” bill of lading is presented, the date of the bill of lading will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the bill of lading bears a separate dated on board notation, in which event the date of the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment. ICC Opinion TA 485
83. “Shipped in apparent good order”, “Laden on board”, “clean on board” or other phrases incorporating words such as “shipped” or “on board” have the same effect as “Shipped on board ”. ICC Opinion TA 465 Ports of Loading and Ports of Discharge
84. While the named port of loading, as required by the credit, should appear in the port of loading field within the bill of lading, it may instead be stated in the field headed ”Place of receipt” or the like, if it is clear that the goods were transported from that place of receipt by vessel, and provided there is an on board notation evidencing that the goods were loaded on that vessel at the port stated under ”Place of receipt”’ or like term. ICC
Opinion R 460
85. While the named port of discharge, as required by the credit, should appear in the port of discharge field within the bill of lading, it may be stated in the field headed “Place of final destination” or the like if it is clear that the goods were transported to that place of final destination by vessel, and provided there is an on board notation evidencing that the port of discharge is that stated under “Place of final destination” or like term. ICC
Opinion R 460
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86. When a Container Yard (CY) or Container Freight Station (CFS) is stated as the place of receipt and that place is the same as the port of loading (i.e. Place of Receipt: Hong Kong CY; Port of Loading: Hong Kong), this place is deemed to be the same and not, therefore, subject to the requirement of an on board notation. ICC Opinion R 348 (relating to CY)
87. Where a credit gives a geographical area or range of ports of loading and/or discharge (e.g. Any European Port), the bill of lading must quote the actual port of loading and/or discharge, which must be within the geographical area or range quoted. ICC Opinions R
368, R 459
Consignee, Order Party, Shipper, Notify Party and Endorsement
88. When a credit requires a bill of lading to be straight consigned to a named party, (e.g. “consigned to Bank X”, rather than “to order” or “to order of Bank X”… ”), the bill of lading must not contain words such as “to order” or “to order of” that precede the name
of Bank X.
89. Where the bill of lading is issued to order of the shipper, it must be endorsed in blank, unless the credit indicates otherwise. An endorsement by a named agent for or on behalf of the shipper is acceptable.
90. If a credit does not state a Notify Party(ies), the respective field on the bill of lading may be left blank or completed with the details of any party or number of parties.
Transhipment/Partial Shipment
91. Transhipment is the unloading and reloading of goods from one vessel to another during the course of ocean carriage from the Port of Loading to the Port of Discharge stated in the credit. If it does not occur between these two ports, unloading or reloading is not considered to be transhipment.
92. Although transhipment may be prohibited, UCP 500 sub-Article 23(d) nonetheless permits transhipment under certain circumstances. If, however, a credit prohibits transhipment and excludes UCP 500 sub-Article 23(d)(i), a bill of lading indicating that transhipment will or may take place will be considered discrepant.
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93. If a credit prohibits partial shipments, and more than one set of original bills of lading are presented covering shipment from one or more ports of loading (as specifically allowed, or within a given range, in the credit), such documents are acceptable provided that they cover the shipment of goods on the same vessel and same voyage and are destined for the same port of discharge. In the event that more than one set of bills of lading are presented, and incorporate different dates of shipment, the date of shipment indicated in the latest bill of lading will be that taken for the calculation of any presentation period as defined in UCP 500 sub-Articles 40(b), 43(a)&(b). The dates of shipment shown on all bills of lading must fall on or before the latest shipment date specified in the credit.
Clean Bills of Lading
94. Clauses or notations on bills of lading which expressly declare a defective condition of the goods and/or packaging are not acceptable. Clauses or notations which do not expressly declare a defective condition of the goods and/or packaging (e.g. “packaging may not be sufficient for the sea voyage”), do not constitute a discrepancy. A statement that the packaging “is not sufficient for the sea voyage” would not be acceptable.
95. The word “clean” need not appear on the bill of lading even though the credit may require a “clean on board bill of lading” or one marked “clean on board”.
96. When the word "clean" appears on a bill of lading and is deleted, the bill of lading will not be deemed to be claused or unclean unless it specifically bears a clause or notation ,declaring that the goods or packaging are defective.
Goods Description
97. A goods description on the bill of lading must either correspond to that in the credit or be shown in general terms not inconsistent with that stated in the credit.
Alterations
98. Alterations or corrections on a bill of lading must be authenticated. Such authentication may be made by the carrier, master (or captain), or any one of a number of agents who may be different from the agent that issued and/or signed it, provided they are identified as an agent of the carrier or the master (or captain).
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99. Non-negotiable copies of bills of lading do not need to include any signature of the carrier, master (captain) or agent or any authentication to any alterations and/or corrections that may have been made on the original.
Freight and Additional costs
*域名隐藏* a trade term, such as an Incoterm, appears in the credit or in the documents, for the purposes of examination, the conditions implied by the trade term will be disregarded. For example, the fact that a bill of lading may indicate that freight has been prepaid under an EXW, FAS or FOB Incoterm is not, in itself, reason for refusal, unless the credit requires the document to be marked freight collect.
101. Credits may state that costs additional to freight are not acceptable. In such circumstances, a bill of lading must not indicate that charges and/or costs additional to the freight have been or will be incurred. Such indication may be by express reference to additional costs or by the use of shipment terms which refer to costs associated with the unloading of goods such as Free Out (FO), Free In and Out (FIO) and Free In and Out Stowed (FIOS). A term such as Free In (FI) would be acceptable. A reference to possible costs accruing, such as those relating to demurrage after a certain period of laytime or charges for returning containers late, are not considered additional costs in this context.
102. Bills of lading may state that the goods in a container are covered by that bill of lading plus one or more other bills of lading, or words of similar effect. This means the entire container is to be surrendered to the consignee – therefore all bills of lading related to that container must be presented in order for the container to be released. Such bills of lading are not acceptable unless all the bills of lading form part of the same presentation under the same credit.
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CHARTER PARTY BILL OF LADING
According to international standard banking practice:
Application of Article 25
103. Where a credit requires presentation of a charter party bill of lading covering a port-toport
shipment, Article 25 is applicable.
104. If a credit requires or permits presentation of a charter party bill of lading, then a marine transport document presented containing an indication that it is subject to a charter party must fulfil the requirements of UCP 500 Article 25.
Full Set of Originals
105. An Article 25 transport document must indicate the number of originals that have been issued. A transport document marked “First Original”, “Second Original”, “Third Original”, “Original”, “Duplicate”, “Triplicate”, or similar expressions have the same effect as a full set of charter party bills of lading which are individually marked
“Original” (R.215 Charter party bills of lading need not be marked "original" to be acceptable under a credit. See also ICC Banking Commission Decision on Original Documents (section 3.1) dated 12 July 1999.
Signing of Charter Party Bills of Lading
106. Charter party bills of lading must bear a signature in the form described in sub-Article
20(b).
a) If the master (captain) or owner signs the charter party bill of lading, the signature of the master (captain) or owner must be identified as "master" ("captain") or “owner”.
b) If an agent signs the charter party bill of lading on behalf of the master (captain) or owner, the agent must be identified as agent and the name of the master (captain) or owner on whose behalf it is signing is required to be stated.
On Board Notations
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107. Where a pre-printed “Shipped on board” charter party bill of lading is presented, its date will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the charter party bill of lading bears a dated on board notation, in which event the date of the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment. ICC Opinion TA 485
108. “Shipped in apparent good order”, “Laden on board”, “clean on board” or other phrases incorporating words such as “shipped” or “on board” have the same effect as “shipped on board ”. ICC Opinion TA 465 Ports of Loading and Ports of Discharge
109. Where a credit gives a geographical area or range of ports of loading and/or discharge (e.g. “Any European Port”), the charter party bill of lading must indicate the actual port of loading which must be within the geographical area or range indicated but may show the geographical area or range of ports as the port of discharge.
Consignee, Order Party, Shipper, Notify Party and Endorsement
110. Where a credit requires a charter party bill of lading to be straight consigned to a specific party, i.e. “consigned to Bank X”, rather than “to order” or “to order of Bank X”, the charter party bill of lading must not indicate words such as “to order” and “to order of” that precede the name of Bank X”.
111. Where the charter party bill of lading is issued to order of the shipper, it must be endorsed in blank unless the credit indicates otherwise. An endorsement by a named agent for or on behalf of the shipper is acceptable.
112. If a credit does not state a Notify Party(ies), the respective field on the charter party bill of lading may be left blank or completed with the details of any party or parties.
Partial Shipment
113. If a credit prohibits partial shipments, and more than one set of original charter party bills of lading are presented covering shipment from one or more ports of loading (as specifically allowed, or within a given range, in the credit), such documents are
Document 470/951rev327
acceptable, provided that they cover the shipment of goods on the same vessel and same voyage and are destined for the same port of discharge. In the event that more than one set of charter party bills of lading are presented, and incorporate different dates of shipment, the date of shipment indicated on the latest charter party bill of lading will be that taken for the calculation of any presentation period as defined in sub-Articles 40(b), 43(a)&(b). The dates of shipment shown on all charter party bills of lading must fall on or before the latest shipment date specified in the credit.
Clean Charter Party Bills of Lading
114. Clauses or notations on charter party bills of lading,
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