Inland B/L – See B/L Insurance Certificate – Assures the consignee that insurance is provided to cover loss or damage to the cargo while in transit. Interchange – Transfer of a container from one party to another. Interchange Agreement – Contract between carrier and trucker that legally permits interchange of equipment Intermodal – The combining of two forms of transportation, usually refers to *域名隐藏* , rail/truck/ocean, air/truck/rail/ocean movements, Intermodal movements include mini-landbridge (MLB) and microbridge. IPI – Inland Point Intermodal – Inland carriage by another mode of transportation after port discharge, cargo moving to/from an inland point. Issuing Bank – The bank that has issued or opened a letter of credit. Also called an Opening Bank. JOC – Journal of Commerce. A trade publication. Trade Transportation Journal. LCL (Less Than Container Load) – Cargo in any quantity (usually loose cargo) intended for carriage in containers, the carrier is responsible for packing and unpacking the container at the carrier’s premises. Letter of Credit (L/C) – Financial document issued by a bank at the request of the consignee guaranteeing payment to the shipper for cargo if certain terms and conditions are fulfilled. Normally it contains a brief description of the goods, documents required, a shipping date, and an expiration date after which payment will no longer be made. LT – Long Ton (2,240 pounds) M & R – Maintenance and Repair M/T – Metric Ton Manifest – A list of all cargo loaded on board a vessel. Entire listing of all cargo on board a vessel required by the carrier, customs, and the coast guard. Microbridge – Cargo moving port to port via land or rail; inland destination served overland by rail. Minimum B/L – The minimum amount one can charge per individual bill of lading MLB – Minilandbridge – Cargo moving port to port via land or rail; port destination served overland by rail. Negotiable B/L – Original Bill of Lading endorsed by shipper that is used for negotiating documents with bank. Net Weight – The weight of the commodity only. Neutral Body – Neutral party used to police the practices of members of the conference. Non Conference Carrier – An independent ocean carrier who does not belong to any group or conference of ocean carriers and who establishes their own pricing and policies. Non Negotiable B/L – Copy of original Bill of Lading which cannot be negotiated with bank NVOCC – (Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier) – Company who charters space aboard vessels, then sells that space to prospective shippers. Also known under deregulation as an Ocean Transportation Intermediary (OTI) OBL – Original Bill of Lading Ocean B/L – See B/L On Board B/L – See B/L Overland Common Point (OCP) – A term stated on bill of lading offering lower shipping rates to importers east of the Rockies provided merchandise from the Far East comes in through the West Coast Ports. Per Diem – Costs per day. Charge on containers held by customers for an extended time; charges levied upon a trucker due to late return of equipment. Pilferage – The act of stealing cargo POD – Port of Discharge. Also an acronym for Proof of Delivery. POR – Port of Origin POL – Port of Loading Port of Arrival – Location where imported merchandise is off-loaded from the importing aircraft or vessel. Port of Departure – In export, the final ocean port of aircraft where the shipment in the vessel or aircraft departs from the United States. Port of Discharge - Port where goods are unloaded from vessel Prepaid B/L – Freight paid prior to movement; money to be paid prior to issuance of bill of lading. P/H – Pier to House (same as CFS/CY) P/P – Pier to Pier (same as CFS/CFS) R/T – Revenue Ton Rates – Ocean rates are classified in many ways, here is just a sampling: Class – Grouping of articles Commodity – Specific articles Arbitrary – Fixed rate according to port to port Minimum – Lowest charge Heavy Lift Charge – Extra Charge for cargo which needs extra or heavy equipment to load or unload, charge assessed for cargo over a certain length. Charter – use of an entire vessel Ad Valorem – based on value of cargo Refrigerated – cargo which requires refrigeration equipment Dangerous Cargo – needs special handling or stowage On Deck Cargo – Cargo which must be shipped on the deck of the vessel Refrigerated Container (Reefer) – A specialized type of container with built-in diesel power generator, engineered for the transportation of refrigerated and perishable commodities. Revenue Ton – Tonnage used to calculate freight rates as in ocean cargo Seals on Containers – Attached to locking device on container to prevent pilferage and to certify no tampering; made of steel by customs or carrier. Service Contract – As provided in the Shipping Act of 1984, a contract between a shipper (or a shipper’s association) and an ocean carrier (or conference) in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period, and the ocean common carrier or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedule as well as a defined service level (such as assured space, transit time, port rotation, or similar service failures). The contract may also specify provisions in the event of nonperformance on the part of either party. SL&C (Shippers Load and Count) – Shipments loaded and sealed by shippers and not checked or verified by the carriers. Special Customs Invoice – An official form usually required by U.S. Customs if the rate of duty is based upon the value and the value of the shipment exceeds $500. This document is usually prepared by the foreign exporter or his forwarder and is used by Customs in determining the value of the shipment. The exporter or his agent must attest to the authenticity of the data furnished. Stevedore - Terminal operator who facilitates the operation of loading and discharging vessels and other terminal activities. Stowage - To place cargo aboard a carrier in a preplanned and organized manner. Tare Weight - The weight of a container and the material used for packing exclusive of cargo. When applied to a loaded truck, the weight of the truck exclusive of its contents. Tariff - A schedule of charges, rules and regulations, which must be followed. This can be for transportation charges, loading and unloading charges, and import duties, etc. TEU – Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit. A 20’ container is a TEU. Term used to express the carrying capacity of vessels. THC – Terminal Handling Charge. Charge assessed by terminal for loading, unloading, fork lifts, document fees, and other assessments for import and export cargo. TIR – Trailer Interchange Receipt. Interchange receipt between trucker and carrier; document showing condition of container/equipment at the time of interchange. TOFC – Trailer on Flat Car. Containers with chassis loaded onto rail cars. Transmittal Letter – Contains a list of the particulars of the shipment, a record of the documents being transmitted, and instructions for disposition of these documents. Any special instructions are also included. Transportation and Exportation Entry – See Customs Entries. Transshipment – The transfer of cargo from one carrier to another. TRC – Terminal Receiving Charge. Charge assessed by the terminal for cargo being delivered for export. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture). A government agency which regulates functions of specific imported merchandise, e.g., plants and plant products, domestic animals, serums and by products, etc. W/M – Weight or Measure. War Risk – In Marine Insurance, is damage or loss sustained as the result of acts of war. It is usually written in a separate policy against current war like acts as well as former war leftovers, such as floating mines not detected, etc. War Risk is not included in an All Risk policy, but can be added by endorsement. A separate premium is usually paid. Wharfage – Charge assessed by terminal or port authority for the handling of incoming or outgoing cargo.
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